{"id":586,"date":"2020-10-25T23:21:33","date_gmt":"2020-10-25T20:21:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/?p=586"},"modified":"2020-12-14T18:37:35","modified_gmt":"2020-12-14T15:37:35","slug":"balzac-vs-zweig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/2020\/10\/25\/balzac-vs-zweig\/","title":{"rendered":"Sanat\u0131n\u0131 \u0130nsana Adayan \u0130ki Yazar; Balzac ve Zweig"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u00fcr\u00fc ne olursa olsun fark etmez, her sanat kendi alan\u0131nda bir \u015fekilde insan\u0131 hedef al\u0131r. \u0130nsan sorunsal\u0131n\u0131 analiz eder ve cevaplar \u00fcretmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. G\u00f6rsel sanatlardan edebiyata, plastik sanatlardan m\u00fczi\u011fe kadar hemen her disiplin insan\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir cepheden ele alarak anlamland\u0131rmak ve evrenselle\u015ftirmekle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balzac ve Zweig, sanatlar\u0131n\u0131 insana adayan tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan sadece ikisidir. Aralar\u0131ndaki ilk fark Balzac\u2019\u0131n Frans\u0131z bir Hristiyan ve Zweig\u2019in de Avusturyal\u0131 bir Yahudi olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 devirler her ne kadar farkl\u0131 olsa da ikisinde de din taassubu g\u00f6remeyiz. Balzac, paray\u0131, alkol\u00fc ve l\u00fcks\u00fc sevmesiyle profan bir tutum arz ederken, Zweig, radikal h\u00fcmanist fikirleriyle dini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lar. Balzac, dinini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ink\u00e2r etmese de, Zweig, toptan din kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekinmeden itiraf eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balzac\u2019\u0131n insan\u0131 sanat\u0131n\u0131n merkezine alma sebebi; ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fdaki devrimler ve ard\u0131 arkas\u0131 kesilmeyen yeni d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleridir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumdaki e\u015fitli\u011fi engelleyen aristokrasi ve halk\u0131n refah\u0131n\u0131 asla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyen monar\u015fi\u2026 Zweig\u2019in insana y\u00f6nelme sebebi de \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 de\u011fil. Birinci ve ikinci d\u00fcnya sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hem halkta hem de entelekt\u00fcel camiada yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6kl\u00fc krizler ve holokost eli vicdan\u0131nda ya\u015fayan bu ayd\u0131n\u0131, insan\u0131n de\u011ferini ispatlamaya mecbur b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"198\" height=\"255\" src=\"http:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/balzac.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-593\"\/><figcaption>Balzac<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Her ne kadar ikisi de kalemlerini insan ad\u0131na kullanm\u0131\u015f ve insani problemleri te\u015fhis etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flarsa da yakla\u015f\u0131m tarzlar\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Balzac insan\u0131 toplum i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131r. Toplumsal meseleler \u00fczerinden insan ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle y\u00fczle\u015fir. Zweig ise bizzat karakterlerinin ruh d\u00fcnyalar\u0131na yelken a\u00e7arak, bireysel bazda de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunur. Psikolojik tahlilleri ve karakter analizleriyle insana, insan olmay\u0131 anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu anlamda Balzac b\u00fct\u00fcn ile Zweig b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan par\u00e7alar ile u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r. Aradaki fark\u0131 bir \u00f6rnekle a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse, Balzac\u2019\u0131n romanlar\u0131nda konu arka sokaklard\u0131r. Ama Zweig\u2019in romanlar\u0131nda arka sokaklarda ya\u015fayan insanlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcsluplar\u0131 her ikisinin de neredeyse ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Sadece meseleleri ele al\u0131\u015f tarzlar\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131l\u0131k k\u0131smi \u00fcslup farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na neden olur. Mesela Balzac\u2019\u0131n Goriot Babas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 okuyucu her \u015feyiyle tan\u0131yamaz. Akl\u0131nda baz\u0131 soru i\u015faretleri kal\u0131r. Ama Zweig\u2019in Edith\u2019iyle ilgili en ufak ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bile \u00f6\u011frenir. Her \u015feyiyle zihninde tam bir karakter profili olu\u015fur. Bunun sebebi Balzac\u2019\u0131n, Goriot Baba\u2019n\u0131n durumunu sosyal a\u00e7\u0131dan incelemesi ve Zweig\u2019in de Edith\u2019in i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Haliyle Balzac\u2019ta betimlemeler, izahlar, analizler ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar olaylara y\u00f6nelirken, Zweig\u2019de do\u011frudan ki\u015finin benli\u011fini hedef al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"180\" height=\"298\" src=\"http:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zweig.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-594\"\/><figcaption>Zweig<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Hayatlar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda talihsizlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ikisinin de ayn\u0131 kaderi payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Balzac bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc istedi\u011fi paray\u0131 elde edemez, kumar bor\u00e7lar\u0131yla cebelle\u015fir. Zweig, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn bir hayat ya\u015far, askeriyenin elinden k\u00f6\u015fe bucak ka\u00e7arak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Balzac, daha fazla yazabilmek i\u00e7in kendini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, Zweig, insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011fu \u00fcmitsizli\u011fin alt\u0131nda ezilir. Balzac, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kurban\u0131 olarak hayata veda ederken, Zweig, ya\u015fam\u0131na kendi elleriyle son verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn iki yazar\u0131n da geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hacimli k\u00fclliyatlara sahibiz. Balzac \u00f6lmeden kendi eserlerine \u0130nsanl\u0131k Komedyas\u0131 deyip gitmi\u015f. Zweig\u2019in k\u00fclliyat\u0131na bir isim veren olmam\u0131\u015f. Sence bu k\u0131ymetli ve epey yek\u00fbn tutan kitaplara ne ad vermeliyiz?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"733\" height=\"651\" src=\"http:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zwing-1582487600.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zwing-1582487600.jpg 733w, https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/zwing-1582487600-300x266.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" \/><figcaption>Zweig&#8217;in baz\u0131 eserleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcr\u00fc ne olursa olsun fark etmez, her sanat kendi alan\u0131nda bir \u015fekilde insan\u0131 hedef al\u0131r. \u0130nsan sorunsal\u0131n\u0131 analiz eder ve cevaplar \u00fcretmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. G\u00f6rsel sanatlardan edebiyata, plastik sanatlardan m\u00fczi\u011fe kadar hemen her disiplin insan\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir cepheden ele alarak anlamland\u0131rmak ve evrenselle\u015ftirmekle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r. Balzac ve Zweig, sanatlar\u0131n\u0131 insana adayan tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan sadece ikisidir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":695,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[245],"tags":[528,238,240,223,232,581,242,244,243,241,239],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/586"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=586"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1036,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/586\/revisions\/1036"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/695"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farklarsozlugu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}